Strategic Public Relations, Sweatshops, and the Making of a Global Movement

A paper by B.J. Bullert, fall 1999 fellow, examines communication tactics used by activists against multinational corporations. The 1999 World Trade Organization protests in Seattle succeeded in linking labor, environmental concerns and human rights to the WTO, resulting in a march of an estimated 40,000 people. The environmental, human rights, labor rights and sweatshop issues […]

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Speechwriting, Speechmaking, and the Press: The Kennedy Administration and the Bay of Pigs

A paper by Thomas W. Benson, spring 1999 fellow, follows the construction of presidential leadership through public rhetoric, including the authorship of that rhetoric, and its mediation through the press. As a master example, Benson analyzes the case of John F. Kennedy’s speech to the American Society of Newspaper Editors on April 20, 1961. President

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The Reporter’s Privilege, Then and Now

A paper by Stephen Bates, fall 1999 fellow, explores how prosecutors and journalists see the issue of press subpoenas. Bates first looks at how the issue has been framed and fought over the years. Next, he tracks a subpoena issued to ABC, the litigation over it, and the subsequent commentary. The paper concludes with brief

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A Voyage Never Ended

A paper by Alexis Sinduhije, fall 1997 fellow, explores the distance between African-Americans and Africans. Sinduhije asks: what do African-Americans know about Africa, and vice versa? What follows are the results of his search for that answer – and its implications for Africans and African-Americans alike. Sinduhije argues that both groups have a common ground

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The Decline, But Not Yet Total Fall, of Foreign News in the U.S. Media

A paper by Jonathan Randal, fall 1998 fellow, argues that the decline in international affairs news can be attributed to a combination of factors, including audience disinterest and changes in the media business. With an increasingly fragmented audience, Randal worries that even if news becomes more accessible online, if there is no appetite for international

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State into Public: The Failed Reform of State TV in East Central Europe

A paper by Alina Mungiu-Pippidi, spring 1999 fellow, examines Eastern European state television and its difficult or sometimes failed transition from ownership by the state to public and private models. Mungiu-Pippidi looks at television in the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria, from the onset of democratic regimes in 1989 and 1990 until 2000.

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Rainbow’s End: Public Support for Democracy in the New South Africa

A paper by Richard Morin, fall 1999 fellow, considers South Africans’ sense of optimism and uncertainty regarding future democratic progress. Do they expect the transformation brought about by Nelson Mandela and Bishop Desmond Tutu to continue, or to pass into blood and chaos? Do the factors that encourage optimism among blacks provoke uncertainty among whites?

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The New York Times Rule on the Net or in the World “…without uncertainty, compromise and fear,” or Should the New York Times Rule Be Introduced in Hungary?

A paper by Peter Molnar, spring 2000 fellow, examines Hungary’s lack of press freedom and possible paths forward. Freedom of speech was less valued in Hungary’s fledgling democracy than it was before the fall of the Berlin Wall, argues Molnar. Such a contradiction is characteristic of the ongoing transformation in Hungarian society. An emerging democracy

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Getting the Story in China: American Reporters Since 1972

A paper by Jonathan Mirsky, fall 1999 fellow, follows the history of modern American reporting on China. Beginning with the 1972 post-Nixon euphoria of American reporters, Mirsky traces the American press’ growing awareness of the controls imposed on them by the Chinese state. The paper then provides personal accounts from journalists of their China careers,

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A Question of Relativity: The Role of the News Media in Shaping the View of Women in Asian Political Dynasties

A paper by Lynette Lithgow, spring 2000 fellow (deceased), attempts to explain why Asia has consistently produced more women heads of government than any other region in the world, despite a lack of empowerment for the ordinary Asian woman. This paper examines the forces that have helped to propel a number of women onto center-stage

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Great Sound Makes No Noise — Creeping Freedoms in Chinese Press

A paper by Xiguang Li, spring 1999 fellow, argues that along with a free market economy, China has begun to embrace a new kind of journalism, even if it has not necessarily been a planned part of China’s reform. Although not approaching an American level of press freedom, this new media landscape is functioning as

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Press Coverage of Belarus, A Newly Independent Country in Transition

A paper by Katsiaryna Ivanova, fall 1998 fellow, compares media coverage of events in Belarus by the government, independent press, and international press, to attempt to find out how the three types of press interact and what effect this interaction may have on a society in transition. The event chosen for examination is a controversial

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Who Were the Saigon Correspondents and Does It Matter?

A paper by William M. Hammond, spring 1999 fellow, investigates the mystery of the Saigon correspondents. Opinions about who the correspondents were have been varied, and often colored by an individual’s view of the Vietnam War. A high percentage of them were messengers, translators, technicians and cameramen, and back up staff members of all sorts,

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Our President/Their Scandal: The Role of the British Press in Keeping the Clinton Scandals Alive

A paper by Michael Goldfarb, spring 1999 fellow, explores the differences in coverage of the Clinton administration between the American and British press. While the American press covered health care reform and the war in Bosnia in 1994, the British press – including quality outlets such as The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph – seemed

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Talking Tough: Gender and Reported Speech in Campaign News Coverage

A paper by Elisabeth Gidengil, spring 2000 fellow, and Joanna Everitt from the Department of History and Politics, University of New Brunswick – St. John, builds upon the concept of “gendered mediation” to argue that conventional news frames construct politics in stereotypically masculine terms – which has implications for the coverage of female leaders. Content analysis

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Money, Markets & the News: Press Coverage of the Modern Revolution in Financial Institutions

In March 1999, the Shorenstein Center convened a conference of journalists, financial industry leaders, and policymakers to discuss the press’s coverage of the changes that have fundamentally reshaped American and global financial markets in the past 20 years. Gathering in Washington D.C., conference participants heard then-Secretary of Treasury Robert Rubin, Fannie Mae chairman Franklin Raines,

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Pragmatic News Objectivity: Objectivity with a Human Face

A paper by Stephen Ward, spring 1998 fellow, considers the journalistic value of objectivity from a philosophical perspective. The concept of objectivity has come under assault, not only through violations by practitioners, but also through a concerted attack by modern and post-modern media critics, who believe that “objectivity” is (depending on the critic) deceitful, erroneous,

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Should American Journalism Make Us Americans?

A paper by Jim Sleeper, fall 1998 fellow, asks if by offering a bilingual product, newspapers are undermining a united sense of citizenship. The Miami Herald began producing a Spanish-language version of its paper to attract the growing population of former Cubans and Latin Americans in the city. Sleeper argues that this move contributes to

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Tensions of a Free Press: South Africa After Apartheid

A paper by Sean Jacobs, fall 1998 fellow, examines changes in South Africa’s news media in the 1990s. Television and radio, long dominated by the state, had a history of bias in favor of South Africa’s apartheid government. The first democratic elections in 1994 revealed how far removed from the electorate the media was, argues

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